Advances in Food Science and Engineering

Download PDF (1514.8 KB) PP. 125 - 135 Pub. Date: December 1, 2018

DOI: 10.22606/afse.2018.24004

• Analía V. Gómez
  University of São Paulo;USDA Agricultural Research Service
• Atanu Biswas
  USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, United States
• Carmen C. Tadini
  University of São Paulo,
• Megan Buttrum
  USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, United States
• Megan Buttrum
  USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL, United States
• Huai N. Cheng^*
  USDA Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, United States

One of the common processes employed in food technology and preparation is the extraction of specific components from agro-based materials. Although many methodologies are known, continued improvements are still desirable. A recent new development is the use of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) for extraction. In this work, we studied NADES/water combinations and found them to be viable alternatives to conventional solvents for extraction of polar ingredients in foods. The NADES/water solvents are eco-friendly, inexpensive, chemically inert, and biodegradable. Moreover, we found microwave heating to facilitate the preparation of NADES/water solvents. Selected NADES/water systems were characterized with respect to viscosity, refractive indices, electrical conductivity, water activity, and NMR. In addition, we utilized the microwave process to facilitate the extraction of sugars in a food product with a NADES/water system. The microwave process was found to be efficient, save time, and decrease energy usage. Thus, the combination of NADES/water/microwave is a versatile method that can provide improved extractions in food systems.

Extraction, NADES, deep eutectic solvent, microwave, NMR, conductivity, viscosity.

[1] P. T. Anastas and J.C. Warner, Green chemistry: Theory and practice. Oxford Univ. Press, 1998.

[2] Environmental Protection Agency, Basics of Green Chemistry. Available: https://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/ basics-green-chemistry

[3] P. J. Dunn, “The importance of green chemistry in process research and development,” Chemical society reviews, vol. 41, pp. 1452-1461, 2012.

[4] S. Rizvi, Separation, Extraction and Concentration Processes in the Food, Beverage and Nutraceutical Industries. Woodhead Publishing Ltd., 2010.

[5] F. Chemat, N. Rombaut, A. Meullemiestre, M. Turk, S. Perino, A. Fabiano-Tixier, and M. Abert-Vian, “Review of green food processing techniques. Preservation, transformation, and extraction,” Innovative food science & emerging technologies, vol. 41, pp. 357-377, 2017.

[6] H. Li, L. Pordesimo, and J. Weiss, “High intensity ultrasound-assisted extraction of oil from soybeans,” Food research international, vol. 37, pp. 731-738, 2004.

[7] S.I. Kadioglu, T.T. Phan and D.A. Sabatini, “Surfactant-based oil extraction of corn germ,” Journal of American oil chemists’ society, vol. 88, pp. 863-869, 2011.

[8] D.K. Saxena, S.K. Sharma, S.S. and Sambi, S.S., “Comparative extraction of cottonseed oil by n-hexane and ethanol,” ARPN Journal of engineering and applied science, vol. 6, pp. 84-89, 2011.

[9] B.G. Terigar, S. Balasubramanian, C.M. Sabliov, M. Lima, and D. Boldor, D. “Soybean and rice bran oil extraction in a continuous microwave system: From laboratory- to pilot-scale,” Journal of food engineering, vol. 104, no. 2, pp. 208-217, 2011.

[10] N.E. Durling, O.J. Catchpole, J.B. Grey, R.F. Webby, K.A. Mitchell, L.Y. Foo, and N.B. Perry, “Extraction of phenolics and essential oils from dried sage (Salvia officinalis) using ethanol-water mixtures,” Food chemistry, vol. 101, pp. 1417-1424, 2007.

[11] R. Wang, R. Wang, and B. Yang, “Extraction of essential oils from five cinnamon leaves and identification of their volatile compound composition,” Innovative of food science and emerging technologies, vol. 10, pp. 289-292, 2009.

[12] W.A. Wannes, B. Mhamdi, J. Sriti, M.B. Jemia, O. Ouchikh, G. Hamdaoui, M.E. Kchouk, and B. Marzouk, “Antioxidant activities of the essential oils and methanol extracts from myrtle (Myrtus communis var. italica L.) leaf, stem and flower,” Food and chemical toxicology, vol. 48, pp. 1362-1370, 2010.

[13] Y.C. Chukwumah, L.T. Walker, M. Verghese, M. Bokanga, S. Ogutu, and K. Alphonse, “Comparison of extraction methods for the quantification of selected phytochemicals in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea),” Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, vol. 55, pp. 285-290, 2007.

[14] J. Lako, V.C. Trenerry, M. Wahlqvist, N. Wattanapenpaiboon, S. Sotheeswaran, and R. Premier, “Phytochemicals flavonols, carotenoids and the antioxidant properties of a wide selection of Fijian fruit, vegetables and other readily available foods,” Food Chemistry, vol. 101, no. 4, pp. 1727-1741, 2007.

[15] P.K. Ramamoorthy and A. Bono, “Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of Morinda citrifolia fruit extracts from various extraction processes,” Journal of engineering science and technology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 70-80, 2007.

[16] Y. Dai, J. Spronsen, G.-J. Witkamp, R. Verpoorte, and Y.H. Choi, “Natural deep eutectic solvents as new potential media for green technology,” Analytica Chimica Acta, vol. 766, pp. 61-68, 2013.

[17] Y. Dai, E. Rozema, R. Verpoorte, and Y.H. Choi, “Application of natural deep eutectic solvents to the extraction of anthocyanins from Catharanthus roseus replacing conventional organic solvents,” Journal of Chromatography A, vol. 1434, pp. 50-56, 2016.

[18] A.V. Gómez, A. Biswas, C.C. Tadini, R.F. Furtado, C.R. Alves, and H. N. Cheng, “Use of natural deep eutectic solvents for polymerization and polymer reactions,” Journal of Brazilian chemical society, submitted.

[19] A. Farran, C. Cai, M. Sandoval, Y. Xu, J. Liu, M.J. Hernaiz, and R.J. Linhardt, “Green solvents in carbohydrate chemistry: From raw materials to fine chemicals,” Chemical reviews, vol. 115, pp. 6811-6853, 2015.

[20] M.C. Gutierrez, M.L. Ferrer, C.R. Mateo, and F. del Monte, “Freeze-drying of aqueous solutions of deep eutectic solvents: A suitable approach to deep eutectic suspensions of self-assembled structures,” Langmuir, vol. 25, pp. 5509-5515, 2009.

[21] Y. Dai, G.-J. Witkamp, R. Verpoorte, and Y.H. Choi, “Tailoring properties of natural deep entectic solvents with water to facilitate their applications,” Food chemistry, vol. 187, pp. 14-19, 2015.

[22] T. Masuko, A. Minami, .N. Iwasaki, T. Majima, S.,Nishimura, and Y.C. Lee, “Carbohydrate analysis by a phenol–sulfuric acid method in microplate format,” Analytical biochemistry, vol. 339. pp. 69-72, 2005.

[23] H. N. Cheng, “NMR characterization of polymers,” in Modern Methods of Polymer Analysis. Wiley, 1991, pp. 409-493.

[24] NMRShiftDB, Available: http://nmrshiftdb.nmr.uni-koeln.de/

[25] M.K. Hadj-Kali, K.E. Al-khidir, I. Wazeer, L. El-blidi, S. Mulyono, and I.M. AlNashef, “Application of deep eutectic solvents and their individual constituents as surfactants for enhanced oil recovery,” Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, vol. 487, pp. 221-231, 2015.

[26] M.C. Gray, A.O. Converse, and C.E. Wyman, “Sugar monomer and oligomer solubility data and predictions for application to biomass hydrolysis,” Applied Biochemistry & Biotechnology, vol. 105-108, pp. 179-193, 2003.

[27] F. Jia, J. Chawhuaymak, M.R. Riley, W. Zimmt, and K.L. Ogden, “Efficient extraction method to collect sugar from sweet sorghum,” Journal of biological engineering, vol. 7, paper 1, 2013. Available: https://doi.org/10.1186/1754-1611-7-1.